Many different problems stop saliva from draining, either by interfering with the function of the salivary glands or by blocking their ducts; the glands then swell.
To list the common causes of salivary gland swelling:
The first of the most common causes of swollen salivary glands is salivary gland stones. These stones are in fact deposits of crystallised saliva. They can sometimes block the flow of saliva, which can cause the salivary glands to swell.
Secondly, infections caused by various viruses and bacteria can also cause our salivary glands to swell. The best-known example of these infections is mumps.
Thirdly, benign or malignant tumours can also cause swelling in the salivary gland.
Fourthly, cysts, whether congenital or developing after an infection or trauma, can also cause swelling in the salivary glands.
Fifthly, autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome, which cause the body to attack itself, can also cause swelling in the salivary gland.
For this reason, the treatment of salivary gland swelling also varies depending on its cause. To identify the cause, an ear, nose and throat examination is essential, followed by tests directed at the suspected cause.